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Resource Center
ACHD Procedures/Surgeries

This list of surgeries/procedures for Congenital Heart Defect treatment is listed alphabetically.

A   B   C   D   E   F   G   H   I   J   K   L   M   N   O   P   Q   R   S   T   U   V   W   X   Y   Z  

A
Aortic Stenosis

• Aortic Stenosis
• AHA: Aortic Valve Stenosis
• KUMC Diagram: Subvalvular Aortic Stenosis
• KUMC Diagram: Supravalvular Aortic Stenosis
• Mayo Clinic: Congenital Aortic Stenosis

Atrial Septal Defect

• AHA: Atrial Septal Defect
• CHIN: Atrial Septal Defect, Surgical and Transcatheter Management
• Consensus Conference: Atrial Septal Defect
• KUMC Diagram: Atrial Septal Defect
• KUMC Diagram: Atrial Septal Defect, Secundum
• Mayo Clinic: Atrial Septal Defect

Atrioventricular Canal Defect

• AHA: Atrioventricular Canal Defect
• KUMC Diagram: Atrioventricular Canal Defect

Atrioventricular Septal Defect

• Royal Children's Hospital: Atrioventricular Septal Defect

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C
Cardiomyopathy and Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

• AHA: Cardiomyopathy
• NHLBI: Facts About Cardiomyopathy
• Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Association
• Johns Hopkins Cardiomyopathy and Heart Transplant Service
• Mayo Clinic: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

CHARGE Syndrome

• CHARGE Syndrome Foundation, Inc.

Coarctation of the Aorta

• AHA: Coarctation of the Aorta
• Coarctation of the aorta: outcome of pregnancy
  Beauchesne LM, Connolly HM, Ammash NM, et al. Coarctation of the aorta: outcome of pregnancy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001 Nov 15; 38(6): 1728-1733.
• Consensus Conference: Coarctation of the Aorta
• KUMC Diagram: Coarctation of the Aorta
• Mayo Clinic: Coarctation of the Aorta
• Outcome of pregnancy following intervention for coarctation of the aorta
  Saidi AS, Bezold LI, Altman CA, et al. Outcome of pregnancy following intervention for coarctation of the aorta. Am J Cardiol. 1998 Sep 15; 82(6): 786-788.

Congenitally Corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries

• Pregnancy among women with congenitally corrected transposition of great arteries
  Connolly HM, Grogan M, Warnes CA. Pregnancy among women with congenitally corrected transposition of great arteries. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1999 May; 33(6): 1692-1695.
• Congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries in the adult: functional status and complications
  Connelly MS, Liu PP, Williams WG, et al. Congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries in the adult: functional status and complications. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1996 Apr; 27(5): 1238-1243.
• Consensus Conference: Congenitally Corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries
• Exercise capacity in adult patients with congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries
  Fredriksen PM, Chen A, Veldtman G, et al. Exercise capacity in adult patients with congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries. Heart. 2001 Feb; 85(2): 191-195.
• Long-term outcome in congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries: a multi-institutional study
  Graham TP Jr, Bernard YD, Mellen BG, et al. Long-term outcome in congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries: a multi-institutional study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000 Jul; 36(1): 255-261.
• Pediheart: L-TGA (L-Transposition of Great Arteries)
• Mayo Clinic: Congenitally Corrected TGA
• Corrected transposition of the great arteries without associated defects in adult patients: clinical profile and follow up
  Presbitero P, Somerville J, Rabajoli F, et al. Corrected transposition of the great arteries without associated defects in adult patients: clinical profile and follow up. Br Heart J. 1995 Jul; 74(1): 57-59.
• Progressive tricuspid valve disease in patients with congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries
  Prieto LR, Hordof AJ, Secic M, et al. Progressive tricuspid valve disease in patients with congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries. Circulation. 1998 Sep 8; 98(10): 997-1005.
• Outcome of pregnancy in patients with congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries
  Therrien J, Barnes I, Somerville J. Outcome of pregnancy in patients with congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries. Am J Cardiol. 1999 Oct 1; 84(7): 820-824.
• Van Praagh R. What is congenitally corrected transposition? N Engl J Med. 1970 May 7; 282(19): 1097-1098.
• Late results of systemic atrioventricular valve replacement in corrected transposition
  van Son JA, Danielson GK, Huhta JC, et al. Late results of systemic atrioventricular valve replacement in corrected transposition. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1995 Apr; 109(4): 642-652; discussion 652-653.
• Warnes CA. Congenitally corrected transposition: the uncorrected misnomer. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1996 Apr; 27(5): 1244-1245.

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E
Eisenmenger's Syndrome

• Noncardiac surgery in Eisenmenger syndrome
  Ammash NM, Connolly HM, Abel MD, et al. Noncardiac surgery in Eisenmenger syndrome. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1999 Jan; 33(1): 222-227.
• Consensus Conference: Eisenmenger Syndrome
• Eisenmenger syndrome. Factors relating to deterioration and death
  Daliento L, Somerville J, Presbitero P, et al. Eisenmenger syndrome. Factors relating to deterioration and death. Eur Heart J. 1998 Dec; 19(12): 1845-1855.
• Comparison of the hemodynamics and survival of adults with severe primary pulmonary hypertension or Eisenmenger syndrome
  Hopkins WE, Ochoa LL, Richardson GW, et al. Comparison of the hemodynamics and survival of adults with severe primary pulmonary hypertension or Eisenmenger syndrome. J Heart Lung Transplant. 1996 Jan; 15(1 Pt 1): 100-105.
• Mayo Clinic: Eisenmenger's Syndrome
• Effect of body position changes on pulmonary gas exchange in Eisenmenger's syndrome
  Sandoval J, Alvarado P, Martinez-Guerra ML, et al. Effect of body position changes on pulmonary gas exchange in Eisenmenger's syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999 Apr; 159(4 Pt 1): 1070-1073.

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F
Fontan Procedure

• Canobbio MM, Mair DD, Rapkin AJ, et al. Menstrual patterns in females after the Fontan repair. Am J Cardiol. 1990 Jul 15; 66(2): 238-240.
• Pregnancy outcomes after the Fontan repair
  Canobbio MM, Mair DD, van der Velde M, et al. Pregnancy outcomes after the Fontan repair. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1996 Sep; 28(3): 763-767.
• Cetta F, Driscoll D: The Fontan Operation: What Is It and What Is Its Future. Cardiology in Review 1997; 5: 98-104.
• Abstract
  Cetta F and Driscoll D. The Fontan Operation: what is it and what is its future. Cardiology in Review. 1997; 5: 98-104.
• Consensus Conference: Fontan Operation
• The Fontan circulation: What have we learned? What to expect?
  de Leval MR. The Fontan circulation: What have we learned? What to expect? Pediatr Cardiol. 1998 Jul-Aug; 19(4): 316-320.
• Fontan F. and Baudet E. Surgical Repair of Tricuspid Atresia. Thorax. 1971 May; 26(3): 240-248.
• Kurosawa H. Current strategies of the Fontan operation. Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1998 Aug; 4(4): 171-177.
• McNulty J. A Brief Overview of the Fontan Procedure. The Laurel Wreath. Summer 2000; 2(4).
  See Warnes CA's Laurel Wreath article above of the title "A Brief Overview of the Fontan Procedure."
• Protein-losing enteropathy after the Fontan operation: an international multicenter study. PLE study group
  Mertens L, Hagler DJ, Sauer U, et al. Protein-losing enteropathy after the Fontan operation: an international multicenter study. PLE study group. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1998 May; 115 (5): 1063-1073.
• Reversal of protein losing enteropathy with prednisone in adults with modified Fontan operations: long term palliation or bridge to cardiac transplantation?
  Therrien J, Webb GD, Gatzoulis MA. Reversal of protein losing enteropathy with prednisone in adults with modified Fontan operations: long term palliation or bridge to cardiac transplantation? Heart. 1999 Aug; 82(2): 241-243.
• Tricuspid atresia and univentricular heart after the Fontan procedure
  Warnes CA. Tricuspid atresia and univentricular heart after the Fontan procedure. Cardiol Clin. 1993 Nov; 11(4): 665-673.
• Protein-losing enteropathy after the Fontan operation: successful treatment by percutaneous fenestration of the atrial septum
  Warnes CA, Feldt RH, Hagler DJ. Protein-losing enteropathy after the Fontan operation: successful treatment by percutaneous fenestration of the atrial septum. Mayo Clin Proc. 1996 Apr; 71(4): 378-379.

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G
Glenn Shunt

• Experience with the Glenn anastomosis in the adult with cyanotic congenital heart disease
  Elizari A, Somerville J. Experience with the Glenn anastomosis in the adult with cyanotic congenital heart disease. Cardiol Young. 1999 May; 9(3): 257-265.

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H
Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome

• KUMC Diagram: Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome

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I
Interrupted Aortic Arch

• KUMC Diagram: Interruption of the Aortic Arch
• Repair of interrupted aortic arch: results after more than 20 years
  Schreiber C, Eicken A, Vogt M, et al. Repair of interrupted aortic arch: results after more than 20 years. Ann Thorac Surg. 2000 Dec; 70(6): 1896-1899; discussion 1899-1900.

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K
Kawasaki Disease

• AHA: Kawasaki Disease
• Kawasaki Disease Foundation
• Kawasaki Families' Network
• How many echocardiograms are necessary for follow-up evaluation of patients with Kawasaki disease?
  McMorrow Tuohy AM, Tani LY, Cetta F, et al. How many echocardiograms are necessary for follow-up evaluation of patients with Kawasaki disease? Am J Cardiol. 2001 Aug 1; 88(3): 328-330.

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L
Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction and Bicuspid Aortic Valve

• Consensus Conference: Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction and Bicuspid Aortic Valve

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M
Marfan Syndrom

• Consensus Conference: Marfan Syndrome

Mitral Valve Prolapse

• KUMC Diagram: Mitral Valve Prolapse

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P
Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return

• KUMC Diagram: Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return

Patent Ductus Arteriosus

• KUMC Diagram: Patent Ductus Arteriosus

Patent Ductus Arteriosus

• KUMC Diagram: Pulmonary Atresia with VSD
• KUMC Diagram: Pulmonary Atresia without VSD

Pulmonary Valve Stenosis

• AHA: Pulmonary Valve Stenosis
• KUMC Diagram: Pulmonary Valve Stenosis

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R
Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction

• Consensus Conference: Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction

Ross Procedure

• Semilunar valve switch procedure: autotransplantation of the native aortic valve to the pulmonary position in the Ross procedure
  Roughneen PT, DeLeon SY, Eidem BW, et al. Semilunar valve switch procedure: autotransplantation of the native aortic valve to the pulmonary position in the Ross procedure. Ann Thorac Surg. 1999 Mar; 67(3): 745-750.

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S
Single Ventricle

• AHA: Single Ventricle Defects
• AConsensus Conference: Single Ventricles
• KUMC Diagram: Single Ventricle
• KUMC Diagram: Single Ventricle
  Warfield DA, Hayes DL, Hyberger LK, et al. Permanent pacing in patients with univentricular heart. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1999 Aug; 22(8): 1193-1201.

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T
Tetralogy of Fallot

• AHA: Tetralogy of Fallot
• Late pulmonary valve replacement after repair of tetralogy of Fallot
  Discigil B, Dearani JA, Puga FJ, et al. Late pulmonary valve replacement after repair of tetralogy of Fallot. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2001 Feb; 121(2): 344-351.
• KUMC Diagram: Tetralogy of Fallot
• Mayo Clinic: Tetralogy of Fallot
• Reoperation in adults with repair of tetralogy of fallot: indications and outcomes
  Oechslin EN, Harrison DA, Harris L, et al. Reoperation in adults with repair of tetralogy of fallot: indications and outcomes. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1999 Aug; 118(2): 245-251.
• Tetralogy of Fallot and pulmonary atresia/ventricular septal defect
  Warnes CA. Tetralogy of Fallot and pulmonary atresia/ventricular septal defect. Cardiol Clin. 1993 Nov; 11(4): 643-650.
• Wessel HU, Paul MH. Exercise studies in tetralogy of Fallot: a review. Pediatr Cardiol. 1999 Jan-Feb; 20(1): 39-47; discussion 48. Review.

Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return

• KUMC Diagram: Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return-Supradiaphragmatic
• KUMC Diagram: Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return-Infradiaphragmatic

Transposition of the Great Arteries

General

• AHA: Transposition of the Great Arteries
• Consensus Conference: Complete Transposition of the Great Arteries
• Transposition of the great arteries in western Sweden 1964-83. Incidence, survival, complications and modes of death
  Gilljam T. Transposition of the great arteries in western Sweden 1964-83. Incidence, survival, complications and modes of death. Acta Paediatr. 1996 Jul; 85(7): 825-831.
• KUMC Diagram: Transposition of the Great Vessels (Arteries)

Baffes Procedure

• Mustard procedure after Baffes operation
  Agosti J, Subramanian S. Mustard procedure after Baffes operation. Ann Thorac Surg. 1976 May; 21(5): 436-439.
• Correction of transposition of the great vessels with previous Baffes procedure
  Deboer A, Miller R, Otto R. Correction of transposition of the great vessels with previous Baffes procedure. J Pediatr Surg. 1975 Dec; 10(6): 925-933.
• Management of transposition after the baffes procedure: a case report and review of our experience
  O'Shea MA, Williams WG, McLaughlin PR, et al. Management of transposition after the baffes procedure: a case report and review of our experience. Ann Thorac Surg. 1983 Apr; 35(4): 430-435.
• Palliative management for transposition of the great arteries
  Paul MH, Muster AJ, Cole RB, et al. Palliative management for transposition of the great arteries, 1957-1967. Ann Thorac Surg. 1968 Oct; 6(4): 321-329.
• Operative technique for transposition of the great vessels with previous Baffes' procedure
  Yao JK, Mustard WT. Operative technique for transposition of the great vessels with previous Baffes' procedure. Surgery. 1969 Jun; 65(6): 873-875.

Mustard/Senning Procedures

• Outcome of pregnancy after the Mustard operation for transposition of the great arteries with intact ventricular septum
  Clarkson PM, Wilson NJ, Neutze JM, et al. Outcome of pregnancy after the Mustard operation for transposition of the great arteries with intact ventricular septum. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1994 Jul; 24(1): 190-193.
• Pregnancy after atrial repair for transposition of the great arteries
  Genoni M, Jenni R, Hoerstrup SP, et al. Pregnancy after atrial repair for transposition of the great arteries. Heart. 1999 Mar; 81(3): 276-277.
• Pregnancy outcome following Mustard procedure for transposition of the great arteries: a report of five cases and review of the literature
  Megerian G, Bell JG, Huhta JC, et al. Pregnancy outcome following Mustard procedure for transposition of the great arteries: a report of five cases and review of the literature. Obstet Gynecol. 1994 Apr; 83(4): 512-516.
• Exercise studies in patients with transposition of the great arteries after atrial repair operations (Mustard/Senning): a review
  Paul MH, Wessel HU. Exercise studies in patients with transposition of the great arteries after atrial repair operations (Mustard/Senning): a review. Pediatr Cardiol. 1999 Jan-Feb; 20(1): 49-55; discussion 56.
• Transposition of the great arteries: late results in adolescents and adults after the Mustard procedure
  Warnes CA, Somerville J. Transposition of the great arteries: late results in adolescents and adults after the Mustard procedure. Br Heart J. 1987 Aug; 58(2): 148-155.
• Results with the Mustard operation in simple transposition of the great arteries 1963-1985
  Trusler GA, Williams WG, Duncan KF, et al. Results with the Mustard operation in simple transposition of the great arteries 1963-1985. Ann Surg. 1987 Sep; 206(3): 251-260.
• Long-term outcome after the mustard repair for simple transposition of the great arteries. 28-year follow-up
  Wilson NJ, Clarkson PM, Barratt-Boyes BG, et al. Long-term outcome after the mustard repair for simple transposition of the great arteries. 28-year follow-up. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1998 Sep; 32(3): 758-765.

Tricuspid Atresia

• Surgical Repair of Tricuspid Atresia
  Fontan F, Baudet E. Surgical Repair of Tricuspid Atresia. Thorax. 1971 May; 26(3): 240-248.
• KUMC Diagram: Tricuspid Atresia
• Tricuspid atresia and univentricular heart after the Fontan procedure
  Warnes CA. Tricuspid atresia and univentricular heart after the Fontan procedure. Cardiol Clin. 1993 Nov; 11(4): 665-673.

Truncus Arteriosus

• AHA: Truncus Arteriosus
• Repair of truncus arteriosus in early infancy with antibiotic sterilized aortic homografts
  Alexiou C, Keeton BR, Salmon AP, et al. Repair of truncus arteriosus in early infancy with antibiotic sterilized aortic homografts. Ann Thorac Surg. 2001 May; 71 (5 Suppl): S371-S374.
• Truncus arteriosus repair: outcomes, risk factors, reoperation and management
  Brown JW, Ruzmetov M, Okada Y, et al. Truncus arteriosus repair: outcomes, risk factors, reoperation and management. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2001 Aug; 20(2): 221-227.
• Truncus arteriosus communis. Clinical, angiocardiographic, and pathologic findings in 100 patients
  Calder L, Van Praagh R, Van Praagh S, et al. Truncus arteriosus communis. Clinical, angiocardiographic, and pathologic findings in 100 patients. Am Heart J. 1976 Jul; 92(1): 23-38.
• Repair of truncus arteriosus: a considered approach to right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction
  Danton MH, Barron DJ, Stumper O, et al. Repair of truncus arteriosus: a considered approach to right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2001 Jul; 20(1): 95-104.
• Fifteen-year experience with surgical repair of truncus arteriosus
  Di Donato RM, Fyfe DA, Puga FJ, et al. Fifteen-year experience with surgical repair of truncus arteriosus. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1985 Mar; 89(3): 414-422.
• Truncus arteriosus with single pulmonary artery: influence of pulmonary vascular obstructive disease on early and late operative results
  Fyfe DA, Driscoll DJ, Di Donato RM, et al. Truncus arteriosus with single pulmonary artery: influence of pulmonary vascular obstructive disease on early and late operative results. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1985 May; 5(5): 1168-1172.
• Improving early and intermediate results of truncus arteriosus repair: a new technique of truncal valve repair
  Imamura M, Drummond-Webb JJ, Sarris GE, et al. Improving early and intermediate results of truncus arteriosus repair: a new technique of truncal valve repair. Ann Thorac Surg. 1999 Apr; 67(4): 1142-1146.
• KUMC Diagram: Truncus Arteriosus
• Truncus arteriosus with unilateral absence of a pulmonary artery. Criteria for operability and surgical results
  Mair DD, Ritter DG, Danielson GK, et al. Truncus arteriosus with unilateral absence of a pulmonary artery. Criteria for operability and surgical results. Circulation. 1977 Apr; 55(4): 641-647.
• Childbirth after surgical repair of truncus arteriosus. A case report
  Perry CP. Childbirth after surgical repair of truncus arteriosus. A case report. J Reprod Med. 1990 Jan; 35(1): 65-67.
• Long-term follow-up of truncus arteriosus repaired in infancy: a twenty-year experience
  Rajasinghe HA, McElhinney DB, Reddy VM, et al. Long-term follow-up of truncus arteriosus repaired in infancy: a twenty-year experience. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1997 May; 113(5): 869-878; discussion 878-879.
• Computerized axial tomography of the chest for visualization of "absent" pulmonary arteries
  Sondheimer HM, Oliphant M, Schneider B, et al. Computerized axial tomography of the chest for visualization of "absent" pulmonary arteries. Circulation. 1982 May; 65(5): 1020-1025.
• Truncus arteriosus: what is it really and how should it be classified?
  Van Praagh R. Truncus arteriosus: what is it really and how should it be classified? Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 1987; 1(2): 65-70.
• The anatomy of common aorticopulmonary trunk (truncus arteriosus communis) and its embryologic implications. A study of 57 necropsy cases
  Van Praagh R, Van Praagh S. The anatomy of common aorticopulmonary trunk (truncus arteriosus communis) and its embryologic implications. A study of 57 necropsy cases. Am J Cardiol. 1965 Sep; 16(3): 406-425.

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V
Ventricular Septal Defect

• AHA: Ventricular Septal Defect
• Ventricular Septal Defects in Adults
  Ammash NM, Warnes CA. Ventricular Septal Defects in Adults. Ann Intern Med. 2001 Nov 6; 135(9): 812-824.
• Bauer, Paul and Barbara. Ventricular Septal Defect: Effects, Assessment & Treatment
• KUMC Diagram: Ventricular Septal Defect

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